Pengaruh Bukaan terhadap Penghawaan Pasif pada Hunian Kompak dengan Lahan Terbatas di Surabaya

Efata Devina Putri Sutanto; Agus Dwi Hariyanto

doi:10.9744/acesa.v8i2.00138

Authors

Efata Devina Putri Sutanto Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia Author
Agus Dwi Hariyanto Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9744/acesa.v8i2.00138

Keywords:

Penghawaan pasif, Hunian kompak, Kecepatan angin, Temperatur udara, Desain bukaan

Abstract

Abstrak

Keterbatasan lahan di kawasan perkotaan mendorong berkembangnya hunian kompak, namun seringkali membatasi penerapan penghawaan alami akibat desain bukaan yang kurang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh parameter bukaan terhadap kinerja penghawaan pasif pada hunian kompak di Surabaya menggunakan simulasi CFD. Analisis dilakukan pada dua studi kasus berdasarkan orientasi, lokasi, dimensi, rasio, dan tipe bukaan. Setelah itu, dikembangkan dua skenario dengan penambahan outlet di dekat atap dengan prinsip stack ventilation. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa orientasi, lokasi, dan dimensi bukaan berpengaruh terhadap distribusi aliran udara dan temperatur ruang. Penambahan outlet atas meningkatkan kecepatan aliran udara serta menurunkan temperatur ruang, sehingga berpotensi menjadi strategi desain pada hunian kompak di lahan terbatas untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan termal.

Abstract:

Limited urban land has encouraged the development of compact housing, but it often restricts the application of natural ventilation due to suboptimal opening design. This study aims to analyze the influence of opening design parameters on passive ventilation performance in compact housing in Surabaya using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. Two case studies were evaluated based on opening orientation, location, dimension, ratio, and type, followed by two design scenarios incorporating roof-level outlets based on the stack ventilation principle. The results indicate that opening orientation, location, and dimension significantly affect airflow distribution and indoor temperature. Adding roof-level outlets improved airflow performance and reduced indoor temperature, demonstrating its potential as a passive design strategy for enhancing thermal comfort in compact housing on limited urban land.

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